1:11 (Gen 27:41; Ezek 25:12-14; Obad 14; Ps 83:6-7 [5-6 Eng])   Esau’s rage and anger against his brother Jacob/Israel bring YHVH God’s near- and long-term judgments.  We see the same spirit at work today amongst Muslims and Palestinians.

2:4-5   YHVH God will judge Judah (the Jewish people) because they have rejected the law of YHVH and have not kept His statutes, but have followed the lies of their fathers.

2:6-16   On that day, YHVH God will judge Israel for all her unrighteousness, uncleanness, unfaithfulness.

3:1-2 (Dt 31:27; Gal 4:9; Lk 12:48; Rom 2:8-11)   The whole family of Israel to be specially punished by YHVH because she is His specially chosen family whom he has known.

3:7-8   YHVH reveals what He is doing to His servants, the prophets; He has spoken!  Who can but prophesy?!

4:6,8-11   Israel’s stubbornness; despite famine, drought, pestilence, plague, judgments, yet Israel has not returned to YHVH God of Hosts

5:4-6   Seek Me, says YHVH, and live!

5:14-15   Seek good, not evil, that you may live; hate evil, love good; maintain justice in the courts

5:18-24 (8:20-21; Mt 27:45; Lev 23:26-32)   Woe to you who long for the Day of YHVH!
      –Can the time of Yeshua on the cross – bearing the sin of the world and our sins – be understood as the paradigm for the Day of YHVH?
         –judgment against sinners
         –justification for all who believe in hope of God’s mercy

9:11-12  (Acts 15:13-18)   restoration of David’s fallen tabernacle
      –government of God through King after His own heart
      –inclusion of Israelis and gentiles

9:13-15   future millennial blessings